Hello Everyone,
In today’s post we are going that the combination of some nouns or adverbs with the verb する creates what is called a する verb. Let’s go!
The する verb
The Japanese verb する is the equivalent of the English / to do, to make /.
Note also that する is one of the two Japanese irregular verbs.
Refer to: Japanese verbs and the following lessons.
する verbs
Like in English, where for instance you have verbs such as “to do the laundry” which is basically the combination of a noun with the verb to do, there exists in Japanese some verbs which are composed of a noun plus the verb する and express the notion of to do/to make <something>.
する verbs are frequent with nouns originating from Chinese and with recent loawords (American/English), and can also be used with some adverbs.
Example:
- 洗濯 (せんたく) / laundry / ⇒ 洗濯する (せんたく する) / to do the laundry /
The congugation of the verb then consists in the conjugation of the verb する:
- 洗濯します / I do | I will do the laundry / – polite present/future
- 洗濯しません / I don’t do the laundry /
- 洗濯した / I did the laundry / – casual past
- 洗濯しています / I am doing the laundry /
- …
Exercises
Find the する verbs corresponding to the following nouns/adverbs, as well as their meaning:
- 勉強 (べんきょう) / study /
- 心配 (しんぱい) / worry, concern /
- 結婚 (けっこん) / marriage /
- 連絡 (れんらく) / contact, connect /
- 質問 (しつもん) / a question /
- キス / a kiss / – loanword
- コピー / a copy / – loanword
- ワクワク / trembling, excited / – adverb
Answers
- 勉強 (べんきょう) / study / ⇒ 勉強する (べんきょう する) / to study /
- 心配 (しんぱい) / worry, concern / ⇒ 心配する (しんぱい する) / to worry for something/someone /
- 結婚 (けっこん) / marriage / ⇒ 結婚する (けっこん する) / to marry someone /
- 連絡 (れんらく) / contact, connect / ⇒ 連絡する (れんらく する) / to contact, to get in touch with someone /
- 質問 (しつもん) / a question / ⇒ 質問する (しつもん する) / to ask a question /
- キス / a kiss / ⇒ キスする / to kiss /
- コピー / a copy / ⇒ コピーする / to make a copy of something /
- ワクワク / trembling, excited / ⇒ ワクワクする / to be excited /
This should not have been too complicated, the aim is more to give you the reflex to consider the form noun/adverb + する as a verbal form.
Be cautious!
The use of する to make a verb from a noun is not systematic, though. Many nouns require the use of a particle to be grammatically correct, even if casual speech tends to drop them:
- テニスする。/ “to play tennis” / – casual and understandable
- テニスをする。/ tennis / {object} / to do / – grammatically correct
Some other words can also be used with either a particle, or not, with a subtle change in meaning:
- 日本語を勉強してます。 (にほんご を べんきょう してます。) / I am studying Japanese language. /
- 日本語の勉強をしてます。 (にほんご の べんきょう を してます。) / I am studying Japanese language. (I am doing Japanese language study.) /
In the first sentence we stress the word 日本語 / Japanese language / making the fact of studying more contextual, whereas in the second sentence we stress 日本語の勉強 / the study of Japanese language /, also highlighting the fact of studying itself.
This is the joy of the Japanese language and what makes it interesting to study. Many tend to use straightforward, pre-constructed, translations between Japanese and their mother tongue, but this comes most of the time with the loss of these subtleties which are key to really understanding Japanese and their culture.
よく べんきょう して ください。
/ well / study / to do / please / . /
ステーファン
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